Computers are a critical component of our daily life—both at home and in the office. But without software, computers may as well be called useless machines. “Computer software is a general term used to describe a collection of computer programs, procedures and documentation that perform some tasks on a computer system. The term includes application software such as word processors which perform productive tasks for users, system software such as operating systems, which interface with hardware to provide the necessary services for application software, and middleware which controls and co-ordinates distributed systems. ‘Software’ is sometimes used in a broader context to mean anything which is not hardware but which is used with hardware, such as film, tapes and records”.
Because of the rise in reliance on computers, there is a need for highly trained workers to design and implement new software that incorporates all of the latest technology. It has become difficult to find another area in the work force today expecting more growth than software.
There are several specializations within the area of Software Engineering. The most common are Systems Analysts (or Programmer Analysts) and Database Administrators. Of course there are many others, particularly pertaining to the Internet such as web site designers, but they don’t technically fall into the Software Engineering focus. So what do these various types of software engineers do?
Systems Analysts tackle computer problems and solve them, as well as work directly with consumers and organizations to meet their particular needs. Basically, they will evaluate an organization and help them maximize their investment in equipment, personnel, and business processes. Systems Analysts may also design new systems or help correct current systems to meet an organization’s individual requirements. Updating systems may include creating new software that runs an organization’s computers. Because Systems Analysts are responsible for both reviewing current systems and creating new ones, they need to be proficient in both areas, as well as able to work with various programming languages. They also need to be experienced in client server applications development, and multimedia and Internet technology.
Database Administrators are responsible for handling the massive volume of data that is created on a daily basis at any organization. Between the Internet and the general electronic business that is performed today, the ability to store, manage, and extract data efficiently is critical.
Database Administrators work with database management systems and help an organization determine the best possible way to organize and store their data. Database Administrators may also design and implement database system security, including areas such as data integrity, backup, and keeping databases secure.
Most areas of Software Engineering require, at the least, a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Science, although degrees in information science and management information systems (MIS) may also be helpful. MIS programs differ from traditional computer science degrees in that they also focus on business and management as well. Organizations with management positions for Software Engineers are often seeking individuals with a Masters in Business Administration degree with a focus on Information Systems. But for some Network systems and data communications analysts (such as web administrators), an associate’s degree in computer science or even the completion of a certification program is sufficient.
